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The Bulletin of the Adyghe State University. Series «Pedagogy and Psychology» |
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#3 / 2023GENERAL PEDAGOGY, HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATIONDyomkina E.V., Shebanets E.Yu., Paatova M.E.SOCIO-PEDAGOGICAL PREVENTION OF VAPING ADDICTION AMONGST THE YOUTH
The article considers the issues of socio-pedagogical prevention of vaping addiction amongst the youth and highlights the main components in each of the models of smoking prevention among young people. Such addiction has medical and social consequences – general lack of energy, weakness, insomnia and short attention span. The authors conclude that the socio-pedagogical prevention of vaping addiction lies not in the impact on the subject of addiction, but the impact on the psychology of young people, training their resilience, resistance to smoking and addiction to nicotine. A successful solution to the problem of vaping addiction among young people is a guarantee of a longer life in modern Russia, since smokers are more prone to cardiovascular diseases, their average life expectancy is 8.5 years less.
The authors identified the main goal of socio-pedagogical prevention of vaping addiction amongst the youth, which should be aimed at raising awareness of the dangers of electronic cigarettes, training young people to be resistant to nicotine addiction and influencing the psychology of young people. A significant role in dealing with vaping addiction among young people is played by preventive work, which helps to set the mood and visualize information. This, in turn, is a material for independent reflection, which often helps to motivate to change behavior. It is important to eradicate the propaganda of vape smoking and emphasize what consequences it carries. It is necessary to start solving this problem right now, as the addiction to vape is growing rapidly every year.
MODEL OF FORMATION OF RESPONSIBLE FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR AMONG STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
The article deals with the problem of developing responsible financial behavior among students of higher educational institutions, which has acquired particular relevance in difficult economic and political conditions. The economy of Russia is facing new political challenges that are constantly changing its structure from competing states that want to gain global economic influence while maintaining the dominance of a unipolar world. Taking provocative, often unlawful measures to destabilize the economic stability of Russia, as the world's main economic competitor, is the primary task of the United States of America and the countries of the collective West. The solution to complex financial and economic problems predicted for a long period cannot be effectively achieved without solving the issues of financial and economic education of citizens within each state. Therefore, one of the main tasks of the leadership of our country is the creation of a social society with the qualities of responsible financial behavior developed among citizens. The Russian education system, implementing the state order to increase the coverage and quality of financial and economic education of students in higher educational institutions, as a target group of the population constituting the potential for future development of Russia, is aimed at solving this issue by creating a pedagogical model for the formation of responsible financial behavior. This effective model will make it possible to improve the system of socio-economic education and form the population with an economically strong power, capable of not only competing with leading countries, but also building economic relations on favorable terms.
The purpose of our research is to create a model for the formation of responsible financial behavior among students of higher educational institutions at the stage of receiving higher education and to test its effectiveness.
The result of the work was the creation of a model for the formation of responsible financial behavior among students of higher educational institutions, in the implementation of which financial responsibility is accepted by students as a personal value.
PERSONAL BEHAVIOR RESEARCH IN STRESSFUL SITUATIONS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PRE-EXAMINATION PERIOD)
In a person's life, a sufficiently large number of situations can cause a state of stress. Situations that arise during the learning process, such as the exam procedure, are already habitually considered one of these social situations. Currently, we have to admit that tension and anxiety accumulate throughout the entire period of preparation for exams. Information overload and the "pre−start state" − waiting for exams to approach - are powerful stressors that affect almost all students. This adversely affects the psychosomatic health of the individual, and can also lead to destructive, deviant forms of behavior. In this article, the authors present the results of an empirical study of some features of the behavior of 9th, 11th grade students and first-year students in the pre-examination period. The conducted research suggests that the behavior in stressful situations of both schoolchildren and students has the same characteristics (which is expressed in standard emotional, cognitive and behavioral patterns, approximately the same level of stress and anxiety), however, the factors of such behavior are different and depend on the expected consequences of the situations experienced, as well as the available predictors that affect changes in the behavior of students.
EXPERIMENTAL CONFIRMATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MODEL OF FOSTERING CITIZENSHIP THROUGH VOLUNTEER WORK
The political situation in the world and around our country nowadays dictates certain rules, which are based on updating information among teenagers about events related to the history of our country, the result of knowledge of which will be the strengthening of patriotism and the formation of a stable civic position of a modern schoolchild. It is important to create the right guidelines in working with students in order to prevent the minds of schoolchildren from fake news that discredits the Fatherland, which can negatively affect the civic worldview of a teenager. Volunteering can play a crucial part in this case. It is through volunteer work in the challenging conditions that our state faces today, it is possible to form a stable civic position in a short time, keep a positive result, translate the acquired knowledge and skills to the immediate social environment of students, which will contribute to the transformation of the personality of students in the process of fostering citizenship through volunteer work. It is important to understand that a modern teenager needs activities carried out within the information field that are of interest and which can later help them become a true citizen of the country.
Volunteering provides opportunities for each student to express themselves, to participate in various forms of volunteer work at a range of levels, and, undoubtedly, fostering citizenship through volunteer work is an important component of the image of a true citizen of the country and an integral part of the development of the socio-economic field of the country. The formation of citizenship through volunteerism contributes to the creation of a positive image of the country and society as a whole, and raises the authority of the state in the international arena.
The article presents a formative experiment on fostering citizenship in adolescents in volunteer work.
500 teenagers took part in the formative experiment: 396 people (14-15 years old) (198 each in the control and experimental groups) and 104 (16-17 years old) (52 each in the control and experimental groups).
Planned, systematic and purposeful activity of the formative experiment aimed to solve problems which were identified in the ascertaining experiment. We monitored changes in respondents and revealed patterns, mechanisms, and dynamics of personality formation. We created special situations in the formative experiment; organization and functioning of voluntary teams will contribute to the development of new types of activities.
The theoretical basis of the formative experiment lies in the concept of the leading role of training and education in mental development.
As part of the formative experiment, the priority was the active transformation of the personal qualities of participants in voluntary teams in order to form citizenship. The main objectives of the formative experiment were: establishing non-accidental connections between pedagogical conditions and reliable results of the experiment, comparing options for psychological and pedagogical influence and choosing the optimal time according to performance criteria, assessing the efforts made, using tools and methods; detection of cause-and-effect patterns between phenomena, their presentation in qualitative and quantitative forms.
THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING AND EDUCATIONZhambalova E.Ch.DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION AND METHODS FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NETWORK EDUCATIONAL EVENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION
The article discusses the features of the development, implementation and methods of evaluating the effectiveness of network educational events in the context of digitalization of education, which updated the problem of searching and mastering by teachers of new technologies that meet modern challenges. An analysis of the literature and practice of teachers showed that one of these technologies is the technology of a network educational event. At the same time, one of the acute problems in the development and implementation of network events in recent years was the need to use verified content and resources that are allowed by regulatory documents. The relevance of this study is based on the search for an answer to the question of which technologies and resources are effective for use during network educational events in conditions of new digital reality.
The purpose of the study is to describe the process of development, implementation and methods for evaluating the effectiveness of the network educational event as one of the technologies of relevant in the context of digitalization of education. Research objectives: to analyze the process of developing network educational events; determine the possibilities of digital technologies and their purpose during the development, implementation and assessment of the effectiveness of network educational events; determine methods for evaluating the effectiveness of network educational events.
As a result of the research, the author describes the stages of the development of network educational events, a list of digital technologies is presented, which can be used at different stages of the network event, and methods for evaluating the effectiveness of network educational events are described. The novelty of the study consists in studying the process of developing and implementing network educational events from the standpoint of the need to use only verified content. The practical significance of the article is the presence of recommendations and instructions for the use of resources and tools at different stages of preparation and conducting network events.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL PHYSICAL TRAININGShestakov M.M.EXPERIMENTAL CONFIRMATION OF FITNESS PROGRAMS POTENTIAL FOR INTEGRATION IN THE PROCESS OF ORGANIZED MOTOR ACTIVITY OF GIRL STUDENTS
Although, nowadays, there are fitness clubs and centers that provide a wide range of fitness programs, they differ significantly from each other in size, intensity, preferential direction of impact, and other load parameters. In this regard, it is obvious that it is necessary to use programs of different fitness areas to ensure a programmable comprehensive developmental and recreational effect.
The purpose of the study is to experimentally confirm the possibilities of integrating different areas of fitness on the basis of determining the specifics of the influence of individual programs on the morphological indicators of girls of student age.
Study results. 85 girls (16-18 years old) that formed 5 groups took part in comparative pedagogical experiment. They implemented programs of different fitness areas for 9 weeks.
It was established that positive changes in morphological indicators of girl students rely on the selective impact of the following specific fitness programs: reducing the girth size of body parts ‒ programs of classical aerobics, power aerobics and functional training; reduction of subcutaneous fat in terms of thickness of skin-fat layers ‒ training programs on simulators, classical aerobics, power aerobics and functional training; reduction of the fat component in body weight ‒ training programs on simulators, classical aerobics, power aerobics and functional training; increased muscle component in body weight ‒ training program on simulators and classical aerobics.
RESULTS OF THEORETICAL MODELING AND EXPERIMENTAL ORGANIZATION OF THE MOTOR ACTIVITY OF WORKING YOUTH
Relevance of health, physical and socio-psychological well-being of working youth in scientific discourse and in social practice objectifies the importance of the purposeful organization of active lifestyle of working youth in order to positively influence a person by means of physical education. This determined the purpose of the study: to determine the organizational and pedagogical conditions and develop a model for organizing the motor activity of working youth. We obtained the following results: a healthy lifestyle serves as a target for organizing the motor activity of working youth. Also, we determined the criteria and indicators of the effectiveness of this process; as well as the factors of designing the process of organizing the motor activity of working youth, together they reveal the characteristics of employment and related features of life support, characteristics of physical activity, individual characteristics of the individual; the organizational and pedagogical conditions for organizing the motor activity of working youth, which form a hierarchical system of interrelated principles of organizing physical education (continuity and systematicity, complexity, subjectivity, nature conformity and cultural conformity, individually differentiated orientation), practical ways of their implementation and the corresponding rules for differentiation of organizational and substantive aspects of physical education and health-improving activity; a model of this process has been developed and presented, which ensures the organization of physical education and sports activity, taking into account the subjective needs and objective capabilities of those involved.
METHODOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATIONGubaydullin A.A., Bashirova S.G., Valeeva G.A., Khamdeev A.R.FORMATION OF LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN THE STUDYING EDUCATIONAL LAW
The transformation of Russian society involves research into legal consciousness. This article analyzes the concept of “legal consciousness”, the features of the legal consciousness of future teachers. Given the current situation in Russia, it is important to form a patriotic legal consciousness while educating the younger generation. In modern conditions, legality and order are becoming a necessary condition for the development of a legal society. To do this, one should pay attention to the formation of a professional legal consciousness, filled with special applied knowledge about the law.
The model of forming legal culture involves the development of intelligence, broadening the horizons of legal concepts, the formation of attitudes and moral and legal value orientations, and the activation of independent search activities of students. In this case, the main role belongs to educational institutions; the ability to work with legal documents is improved during lectures, seminars, and practical classes. Consequently, a young specialist in the field of pedagogy must be psychologically ready to accept what is happening in society. From these positions, legal culture represents the active lawful behavior of an individual in society; it is closely related to the level of moral consciousness.
In this regard, it is important that education programs for teachers include courses and trainings aimed at acquiring the legal knowledge, ethical values and practical skills necessary for teachers to work effectively in the legal and ethical aspects of their work. The results of a study on the level of formation of legal consciousness of students studying educational law were presented as well as brief recommendations on the formation of legal consciousness among future teachers were given.
ON PROFESSIONAL READINESS OF FUTURE TEACHERS FOR THE CIVIC EDUCATION OF ADOLESCENTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF INFORMATIZATION OF SOCIETY
The topic of civic education of the younger generation has always been relevant, but in our rapidly changing society it becomes even more important. The professional training of future teachers at the university for the civic education of schoolchildren in the information society is a complex and multidimensional process that requires a number of professional and personal qualities, competencies, the development of their civic education and civic competence, allowing them to successfully implement the tasks of civic education in the modern educational system, taking into account all the factors of digitalization of Russian society. The authors believe that the professional readiness of a graduate of a pedagogical university for the civic education of adolescents is an integral part of the more general concept of "professional readiness of a teacher to manage an integral pedagogical process". The article presents the characteristics of the structural components (professional-cognitive, socio-perceptual, didactic, reflexive-acmeological) of the components of the teacher's professional readiness. Special attention is paid to the role of the teaching staff in the formation of the future teacher in the process of their university training of information literacy, intercultural competence and civic responsibility. The article states that the professional readiness of teachers to work on the civic education of modern adolescents is a necessary component for strengthening the role of the school as a social institution that forms the value orientations of the younger generation and influences the further development of Russian society.
PROFESSIONAL CULTURE OF MILITARY MUSICIANS AND ITS FORMATION IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF THE UNIVERSITY
Over the past decades, there have been changes in the system of the professional education of military musicians and military conductors. The author of the article states that in modern society, a graduate of a military university with a degree in 53.05.07 "Conducting a military brass band" has to be a highly qualified professional in the field of military music service. They have to have not only high interdisciplinary professional skills, competencies, but also a high level of their own both professional and general personal culture. The article explores the essence of the professional culture of military musicians, presents the characteristics of various structural components of this culture (professional-value, professional-cognitive, musical-performing, psychological-pedagogical, reflective, professional-communicative, etc.). Particular attention is paid to the description of the process of implementing the cultural approach in the professional education of future military conductors. The author considers the role of musical pedagogy in the process of forming the professional culture of a military conductor. One of the key aspects of music pedagogy in the professional education of future military conductors is the development of their communication skills, pedagogical abilities and intuition. It is concluded that the activities of military musicians who have a high level of professional culture can contribute to the growth of patriotic mood among Russian citizens, their awareness of the need to defend the Motherland, and increase the prestige of military service.
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