|
The Bulletin of the Adyghe State University. Series «Pedagogy and Psychology» |
 Ðóññêèé
|
| Home page Subjects Chief Editor Editors Instructions to Authors Rules of the reviewing Subscription Contacts Publishing house | ||
|
#1 / 2023ANNIVERSARY DATESRudakova G.I.TO THE 300TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE GENERAL PROSECUTOR'S OFFICE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The article deals with the fact that such a negative phenomenon as crime in the new Russia is not reduced, and has a disguised nature, taking advantage of its the position and immunity. Back in time Aristotle worked out the basics of the prevention of negative social processes. Among others, he named the supremacy of laws over officials and the fight against corruption [1]. The Constitution of the Russian Federation states that our state is democratic, secular, social [2]. However, reforms and pandemics are taking away from the formation of morality in society. A proper work of investigators, prosecutors and ultimately the court is very important in overcoming the negative processes, so that everyone who is guilty will receive the punishment they deserve. In this regard, the prosecutor has an important role to play. First, all decisions to initiate criminal proceedings are sent to them, in order to verify the legality of the decision by the investigator. An incomplete ruling is overturned by the prosecutor. When the investigation is completed, the investigator fully submits the criminal case with an indictment to the prosecutor. The prosecutor carefully examines it, checking the evidence collected by the investigator for the prosecution, the data characterizing the person, the causes and conditions contributing to the commission of the crime, and whether the investigator has taken measures to prevent violations in the future. Making sure that the quality of the investigation of the criminal case is good, the prosecutor approves the indictment and sends the case to court for consideration on the merits.
GENERAL PEDAGOGY, HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATIONVeshkin S.V., Urakova F.K.FORMATION OF STUDENTS' RESISTANCE TO EXTREMIIST BELIEFS AND ETHNIC ACTIONS AS THE MAIN DIRECTION OF PREVENTIVE ACTIVITIES OF A MODERN UNIVERSITY
The article is devoted to the actual problem of improving the system of prevention of ethnic extremism among students. As the main criterion for the effectiveness of such prevention, the authors consider the high level of resistance of students to extremist beliefs and actions of an ethnic orientation in the current conditions of aggravation of the geopolitical situation in the world and increased information aggression. The purpose of the study is to identify individual and personal factors of students' resistance to extremist beliefs and actions of an ethnic orientation and substantiate on this basis the priority areas of preventive activities of a modern university. The study was carried out on the basis of Russian universities using the method of expert assessment using the author's diagnostic system, questionnaire methods and blank methods. It was attended by 600 students of junior (1-2) courses studying in educational institutions of higher education in different areas of training. It was revealed that the weak resistance of students to extremist beliefs and actions of an ethnic orientation is due to the deformation of ethnic identity, the hedonistic values of their personality, a pragmatic attitude towards the Motherland and a low level of development of critical thinking. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that it is necessary to organize purposeful pedagogical activities at the university to develop interethnic, legal and civic competencies among students, ensuring their resistance to extremist beliefs and actions and including, as personal characteristics, a positive ethnic identity, developed civic values, a high level of ability to think critically and selectively treat information coming from different sources.
CONDITIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROGRAM OF ACTIVITY OF A SOCIAL TEACHER TO INCREASE THE LEVEL OF SOCIAL COMPETENCE OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
The article is devoted to the actual problem of increasing the level of social competence of high school students. The study of social competence is important for a social teacher, since social competence is the leading quality of a person, ensuring the success of socialization. It is the development of the personality, its socialization that is in the center of attention of socio-pedagogical work. As the main criterion for the effectiveness of social competence, the authors consider the ability of an individual to fulfill their duties, rights, powers at the proper social and cultural level. The purpose of the study is the theoretical substantiation of the program of activities of a social pedagogue to improve the level of social competence of high school students. The study was carried out on the basis of Russian schools using the method of expert assessment using a diagnostic system, questionnaire methods and blank methods. It was attended by 32 students in the traditional and gymnasium system (grade 11). With the help of special methods, the level of social competence of high school students in the conditions of gymnasium and traditional education was revealed. It was substantiated that in order to increase the level of social competence of high school students, it is necessary to create targeted social and pedagogical conditions in schools. At the same time, schools with a traditional curriculum can use the successful experience of development of the social competence of high school students in the conditions of gymnasium education. Research in the field of social competence can also be of benefit to socio-pedagogical and psychological science. Knowledge about the formation of social competence of high school students will provide the younger generation with inclusion in society, personal growth and employment opportunities.
FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AS THE PERSONAL VALUE OF STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
The need of the social society for independent, economically literate, financially responsible, competitive in the labor market, independent citizens of Russia has been updated. In this case, the state acts as a customer, and pays special attention to the formation of the declared abilities of students of higher educational institutions as a priority part of social society – the future of our country. The ongoing socio-economic changes under the influence of external and internal factors have a certain impact and are accompanied by the emergence of new values; a young person is faced with their choice and acceptance as a guideline for their further development. Higher education faces a difficult, but important and significant task: the formation of responsible financial behavior among students of higher educational institutions at the stage of their higher education. The successful solution of the pedagogical problem will not only improve the educational process, but also solve the problem of improving financial literacy on a global scale.
Research in this area confirms the idea that values are a guideline for a person's activity and behavior only when he has a value-based attitude to the world around him. Therefore, the research was based on the study of the value attitude of students to financial independence and financial responsibility as a personal value. The construction of the educational process by the concentration of the selected academic disciplines on the financial and economic content and inclusion of a special course of "Financial responsibility as the style of behavior of a modern person" in the created pedagogical conditions, while observing the principles of training and pedagogical approaches in the educational environment of a higher educational institution, made it possible to single out "Financial responsibility" into the category of student’s personal value.The students have formed an internal position that reflects the relationship of personal and social values, encouraging self-development, the implementation of the acquired knowledge, skills, abilities and methods of financial behavior in the educational environment of the university and beyond.
The purpose of the socio-pedagogical research is to analyze the attitude of students of higher educational institutions to financial independence and financial responsibility, to establish whether the students have a desire to improve the level of financial and economic education in the process of studying at the university. Based on the positive opinion of students, the authors had to determine whether financial responsibility can be accepted by students as a personal value and be a guideline for the formation of responsible financial behavior. The result of our study was the inclusion in the structural and functional model of the formation of responsible financial behavior of financial responsibility as a personal value of students and the "value" of a higher educational institution of the participants in the pedagogical process and a team of interacting parties.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE LEVEL OF PROGRESS AND LACK OF PROGRESS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Not all primary school students have good and stable academic performance; therefore, there is an acute problem of modern primary school – the problem of school failure.
School failure is the performance of school education that does not meet the regulatory criteria, which is the result of the inability of students to fully master the educational material and complete educational tasks. The failure of schoolchildren is naturally associated with their individual characteristics and with the conditions in which their development takes place. Pedagogy recognizes the education and upbringing of children at school as the most important of these conditions. Underachievement is interpreted as a discrepancy between the training of students with the mandatory requirements of the school in the assimilation of knowledge, the development of skills and abilities, the formation of experience in creative activity and the upbringing of cognitive relations. Failure prevention involves the timely detection and elimination of all its elements. Contrary to the same programs and conditions of education and upbringing in primary school, students have different performance indicators, different levels of knowledge. Underachievement is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon of school reality, requiring versatile approaches in its study.
Many teachers offer different solutions to this problem and consider as one of the effective means an individual-personal approach that provides individualization and differentiation of learning, taking into account the abilities, level of proficiency in educational material, inclinations and interests of students, which seems to be very relevant today.
The article presents data on the results of identifying the level of progress and underachievement of elementary school students using various methods, so that in the future to use a specially designed set of measures aimed at the correction of the underachievement of junior schoolchildren.
LEVELS OF MANIFESTATION OF SOCIAL AND PERSONAL VIABILITY OF CIVIL-PATRIOTIC ORIENTATION IN CADET ADOLESCENTS
Currently, the problems of the formation of the patriotism of the younger generation are urgent. This study is devoted to the problem of the formation of social and personal viability of civil-patriotic orientation in adolescents studying in cadet educational organizations. The article reveals the content of the considered socio-cultural characteristics of the personality of adolescents, provides a qualitative characteristic of the levels of formation of the socio-personal viability of adolescent cadets (contrasting individual well-being and the need for civil and patriotic service in state and/or military professional activities; recognition of the need for civil and patriotic service to achieve personal well-being; adoption of civic-patriotic values and meanings with a non-accentuated civic-patriotic personal orientation; persistent and conscious civic-patriotic personal orientation) on the basis of statistical identification of mass groups and comparative analysis of essential characteristics for each group. The static study was conducted on the basis of four educational institutions: the Federal State State Treasury Educational Institution "St. Petersburg Suvorov Military School of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation"; the state budgetary educational institution "Secondary school No. 266" with in-depth study of foreign languages of the Admiralteysky district of St. Petersburg (GBOU SOSh No. 266); state budgetary educational institution "Secondary general education school No. 306" with in-depth study of the English language of the Admiralteysky district of St. Petersburg (GBOU SOSh No. 306) and state budgetary educational institution "Secondary general education school No. 5" of the Admiralteysky district of St. Petersburg (GBOU SOSh No. 5). The presented material will be of interest to researchers of the problems of civil and patriotic education of adolescents.
FORMATION OF SOCIAL SUCCESS OF A MODERN STUDENT AS AN ACTUAL TASK OF EDUCATION
The formation of students' social success is considered as an urgent task of education. The Russian state is in dire need of socially successful young citizens. This can be seen in government documents at various levels. Thus, in the Federal Law "On Education", in the "National Doctrine of Education until 2025", in the Federal Law "On State Support of Youth and Children's Public Associations", in the Federal Target Program "Youth of Russia", in the Federal Target Program "Young Professionals" the need in the upbringing of the younger generation capable of creativity, innovation, possessing organizational skills, leadership abilities, successful in the modern labor market is emphasized. In this regard, the need to search for effective forms, methods, technologies to solve the problem of training successful young people in the professional field has been actualized. The most important place in the formation of social success is occupied by professional self-determination, as it does not only forms a system of ideas about the world of professions, but also allows high school students to develop self-confidence in choosing personal goals in significant activities, means and methods for achieving goals, the ability to make a real self-assessment of own actions. This paper considers the essential characteristic of social success from the point of view of various researchers. The content of the concept of "social success" and its structure have been studied. In the course of the study, an express survey was conducted to identify ideas about the social success of the 1st-year students of the federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Adyghe State University".
FORMATION OF READINESS FOR PROFESSIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION OF ADOLESCENTS WITH DEVIANT BEHAVIOR BY MEANS OF REHABILITATION AND EDUCATIONAL SITUATIONS
In modern socio-cultural conditions, the issues of professional self-determination of students remain relevant. In relation to children and adolescents with deviant behavior, this task acquires additional social significance, since professional self-determination is a vital condition for their successful social adaptation after graduation from special educational institutions of a closed type. The article considers the qualitative characteristics of professional self-determination of students of special educational institutions of a closed type. Traditionally, the main pedagogical means of forming teenagers' readiness for professional self-determination are professional tests. The author theoretically substantiates the leading pedagogical means of forming readiness for professional self-determination of adolescents with deviant behavior in special educational institutions of a closed type – professionally-oriented rehabilitation and educational situations. Taking into account the peculiarities of adolescents with deviant behavior as the main pedagogical means for the formation of readiness for professional self-determination, the author considers a pedagogically expedient combination of repeated performance of professional tests in a certain field of professional activity and the resolution of a chain of professionally-oriented rehabilitation and educational situations. A professionally-oriented rehabilitation and educational situation is a situation of success in performing a professional test, which contributes to the desire of adolescents to experience success again, overcoming all difficulties; a situation of reflection on their own progress in mastering a certain type of professional activity; a situation of reassessment of life values, motives and goals of their own life in an open society.
METHODOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATIONBagirokov Kh.Z., Tsey B.A.DISTANCE LEARNING OF THE ADYGE LANGUAGE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MULTILINGUAL INTERNET COMMUNICATION BY MEANS OF THE MOBILE APPLICATION "READ AND LISTEN"
The aim of the work is to theoretically substantiate and experimentally verify the effectiveness of the pedagogical process of teaching the software product of the application "Read and Listen" in the conditions of multilingual mediated Internet communication in educational institutions of the Republic of Adygheya. Tasks to be solved: 1) to identify modern strategies and tactics of multilingual education in the region; 2) to clarify the sociolinguistic situation in the republic; 3) to identify the positive and negative characteristics of distance learning. The educational process is analyzed, and the forms of distance learning in the Republic of Adygheya are considered: the content, organization, teaching aids, the functionality of the application "Read and Listen", the advantages and disadvantages of distance education. The structure and algorithm of using a mobile application for the implementation of the process of teaching the Adyghe language/speech is represented. The software product is one of the attempts to develop new educational technologies for the institutions of the Republic of Adygheya, which contributes to the preservation and popularization of the Adyghe language and culture, since the process of teaching the Adyghe language/speech in a remote format is a vector of innovative development in the republic. The presented electronic collection of texts of the Adyghe literature solves some problems of the distance pedagogical process in the educational system of the region, allows using multimedia in the process of teaching the Adyghe language/speech. The artistic literature of the Circassians in the digital space is presented in a variety of ways: text, animation, files of various types, which makes the learning process effective and creative. The version of the application solves some of the strategic tasks of the university in the priority subject area presented in the main provisions of the Development Program of the FGBOU VO "Adyghe State University" for 2021-2030, namely: "Valley (ecosystem) of languages – Adyghe Land".
SCENARIO-SITUATIONAL MODELLING OF CONTEXTUAL SITUATIONS IN THE PRACTICAL TRAINING OF FUTURE MID-LEVEL LAWYERS
The article discusses theoretical approaches to the organization of experimental work in the aspect of the research problem; presents an analysis of existing author's models and concepts of building the educational process at different stages of the education system (secondary professional and higher levels); highlights the characteristics of the process of formation of the the components of legal professional competence, including professional, social personal qualities and skills of future mid-level lawyers. A comparative analysis of the content block of the professional standard of secondary vocational education (SPO) according to UGN 40.00.00 "Jurisprudence" in all professional areas that make up the professional training of mid-level lawyers is presented.
Using the example of the Federal State Educational Standard of the 4th qualification level of the qualification "Lawyer", the author's model of the process of forming the readiness of college students for professional legal activity is described, including goal-functional, logical-substantive, diagnostic, organizational-managerial, technological blocks, each of which is focused on one of the strategic areas of activity according to the requirements of the standard. The table of correspondence of the classification of contextual situations developed by us with the components of the professional standard of a mid-level lawyer is given. The stages and logic of building experimental work on the approbation of the developed model and technology of organizing the process of forming the readiness of college students for professional legal activity are described. The conclusions obtained from the results of the experimental study are formulated.
FORMATION OF READINESS OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SERVICE OF EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SCHOOLSHOOTING
The article raises the problem of forming the readiness of future specialists of the psychological and pedagogical service of educational organizations for the prevention of schoolshooting. An empirical study was conducted (MBOU SOSh No. 1, aul Koshekhabl, Koshekhabl district, the Republic of Adygheya), aimed at clarifying the position of secondary school teachers on the need to organize the process of prevention of schoolshooting. The survey results showed that teachers note the importance and necessity of prevention of schoolshooting (93%). More than half of the respondents say that this is the area of responsibility of specialists of the psychological and pedagogical service (65%). Also, subject teachers note that they do not have the necessary competencies to prevent destructive phenomena in the educational environment (80%). We consider the readiness of a specialist of the psychological and pedagogical service of an educational institution to prevent schoolshooting as a personal neoplasm, expressed in the development of the methodological base of preventive work in educational institutions of various kinds and types; diagnostics of forms of deviant behavior of children, adolescents and youth; prevention of situations of risk of acts of schoolshooting through the development of all subjects of the educational process of the ability to conscious self-regulation, socially safe behavior, conventional level of viability. In the course of the research, the functions of readiness of future specialists of the psychological and pedagogical service of educational organizations (analytical, diagnostic, prognostic and preventive), the levels of formation of professional readiness (critical, acceptable, optimal) and pedagogical conditions that contribute to the effective preparation of future specialists of the psychological and pedagogical service of educational organizations for the prevention of schoolshooting are highlighted.
|
© Adyghea State University, 2005-2023