#1 / 2021

In modern sociocultural conditions, the problem of forming the viability of students is of increasing social importance. After graduation from educational organizations they should be ready for life self-determination (professional, social, personal), for the manifestation of the properties of the subject of life activity, as well as to make decisions independently, and to be responsible for the decisions made in the process of life activity. The special importance of studying and solving the problems of forming the socio-personal viability of cadet adolescents is justified. Graduates of cadet educational organizations aimed at replenishing the personnel reserve for state civil and military service contribute to improving the quality of government and strengthening its political strength. However, some graduates of cadet educational organizations demonstrate a subjective attitude to military-professional activities and to public service. The article analyzes the experience of forming the socio-personal viability of cadet adolescents on a civil-patriotic basis as a necessary condition for raising the readiness for civil and military service. The author considers the peculiarities of formation of social-personal viability of teenagers-cadets on a civil-patriotic basis, defines the tasks of formation of social-personal viability of teenagers-cadets in educational organizations, and substantiates the main stages of formation of social-personal viability of teenagers-cadets. For each stage, the author describes the forms of educational interaction with students, aimed at the formation of their socio-personal viability. The social and personal viability of cadet adolescents is considered as an integrative quality of the person, which is a system of characteristics that ensure that the teenager overcome life difficulties in interaction with society, self-determination and the development of constructive strategies for the subjective development of future state and military-professional activities.

15-21.pdf

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The article considers issues of innovative didactic support of basic and foreign language training of maritime transport specialists in the context of digitalization of higher education. New forms of educational and methodical work highlighted in the article make it possible to intensify significantly the independent educational activity of students. The authors represent a multilevel structure of the didactic electronic methodological and research materials for basic and foreign language disciplines. The article describes didactic features of each level, designed to provide a single site with educational and methodological materials. The investigation reveals the main components of the professionally oriented information environment of the maritime university. The introduction of electronic educational technologies as elements of communicative environment is considered as a condition for optimizing the professionally oriented cognitive activity of students. Particular attention is paid to the organization of the educational process in a distance format. The article presents a didactic model of laboratory classes for the course of the basic academic discipline in the context of distance learning. The elements of distance learning technology are considered basing on the modular structure of laboratory classes on the iSpring platform. The functional components of the modular structure of laboratory course are highlighted. The authors associate increasing of maritime education effectiveness in a distance learning environment with the increase of educational service quality by implementing innovative didactic and electronic resources.

22-31.pdf

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The article discusses the author's approach to the design and implementation of the technology for the formation of recreational culture of the student. The relevance of this area of activity of a contemporary university is due to the need to effectively solve various problems related not only to improving the process of professional training, education and development, but also to finding ways to organize health-promoting work and active recreation of students. This work should be planned and carried out taking into account the requirements of preserving and strengthening the health of students and teachers. The solution of these tasks involves changes in the approaches to the content of the professional activities of university teachers. These activities aim university teachers at wide use of the possibilities of pedagogical design as a tool that ensures increasing the efficiency of the university's health-improving and recreational activities by developing the content of innovative programs, creating effective technologies and models for raising health care and organizing active recreation and rehabilitation of students. The aim of the study is to develop conceptual foundations and test the method of designing pedagogical technology, which allows students to form such a systemic quality as recreational culture. An analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature and practical experience in the implementation of recreational technologies showed their inconsistency with modern requirements for the health of students and university teachers. The existing technologies turned to be complex in content and methods of implementation and require significant material and financial costs. The conceptual foundations of the design and implementation of recreational technology included the following fundamental pedagogical principles: systematics, cultural diversity, professional orientation, individualization and differentiation. The principle of systematics, as well as personal-activity and systemic-activity approaches were chosen as the basic principles in our work. Experimental work was organized and carried out in 2017-2020 at the Faculty of Physical Culture and Tourism of Karachay-Cherkess State University. It was attended by 156 students of 1-4 courses - bachelors of pedagogy and 27 university teachers. The recreational technology developed and implemented by us during the experiment includes a set of interconnected organizational and methodological blocks. During the experimental work on the testing of the developed recreational technology, we obtained results characterizing the success of the process of forming the final integrative indicator - the recreational culture of the student.

31-38.pdf

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The article discusses developing and implementing organizational and technological support for the formation of metacompetence of bachelors in education in the process of their professional training at a university. The content of the educational discipline "Concepts of Modern Natural Science" (CMNS) was taken as an example to identify the features of the implementation of the authors’ approach to its teaching. In this approach one of the important conditions is the possibility of its organization in three main forms (types) - pre-audience, audience, and post-audience. The approach developed by the authors is complex in content, methodically saturated and diverse, organizationally flexible. It focuses students on mastering effective ways to solve various educational and nurturant problems. The shown possibilities of realization of didactic resources of Internet service allow students to use various forms of presentation of educational material, which creates prerequisites for activation and development of their cognitive abilities. A special place in the teaching of the subjects of the natural science cycle is assigned to the implementation of interdisciplinary relations, including in order to implement the principle of clarity, using technical means of training (interactive boards and panels with appropriate software). The main goal of ICT-based classes is to develop students' modeling and analysis skills based on modeling linear and non-linear systems, as well as to monitor the quality of students' assimilation of the necessary natural science knowledge in a modern format. Students are guided to perform computer tasks on their own, which improves the quality of assimilation of material. The authors show the importance of practical lessons on the topics of the CMNS course, including various types of interactive technologies and interactive games, allowing students to achieve the integration of the content of natural science and professional training, which is reflected in the growth of positive motivation to master knowledge on CMNS.

39-45.pdf

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In modern pedagogical and psychological sciences, the tendency to systematic study of educational problems directs teachers to consider the concept of the style of educational activity as a holistic psychological and pedagogical characteristic of a developing person, which has firmly entered into scientific use in modern research. In this regard, the search for effective approaches and directions for the development of individual style features of subjects of the educational process is being updated. Our analysis of the existing classifications of individual styles of activity of students and teachers revealed the potential for their adaptation to the practice of teaching a foreign language. During the study, we made the following style typology of students: based on educational preferences; taking into account the rational side of educational activity; the attitude to training material and training; the focus on systematic assimilation of the main content of educational material; and the level of development of intellectual qualities and capabilities of students. It was established that a promising option for implementing a style approach in teaching school students of a foreign language is their distribution taking into account the typology of their styles and organization taking into account the style features of their educational activities. In this direction, the scientific views of D.L. Kolba were widely used in foreign psychological and pedagogical studies. The model he developed was used in our work to determine the type and features of style characteristics of the mastery of students in a foreign language, taking into account the ideas existing in pedagogy, psychology and the method of teaching a foreign language about the course of convergence, divergence, accommodation and assimilation processes. Our research on the basis of the Linguistic School at the Department of Foreign Language and its teaching methods at Armavir State Pedagogical University confirms the importance of taking into account the pedagogical and psychological grounds for using the possibilities of a style approach in teaching school students of a foreign language in the context of modern requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for basic general education to the quality of education of school students.

46-54.pdf

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The purpose of the socio-pedagogical study is to establish the reasons for the unproductive forms and methods of generating financial literacy among students in the educational process of a higher military educational institution. The study identified the ineffective events of improving financial literacy, described the result of the pedagogical process of studying the disciplines "Economics and Management," and assessed bank employees during their involvement in the educational process. The authors showed effective pedagogical conditions, means, forms and methods for the formation of financial literacy among students of a higher military educational institution. As a result of the study, events were identified aimed at achieving the goal of effective work on the formation of financial literacy among students during the educational process, as well as the possibility of their use in the system of advanced training of pedagogical workers in educational institutions.

55-65.pdf

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Scientific approaches are substantiated in determining the principles and organizational and pedagogical conditions of the process of optimizing the educational process in military universities, which ensures effective educational adaptation of female cadets and specific means and methods for its implementation. The relevance of the choice of methodological approaches is justified by the effective adaptation necessary for the quality of education, taking into account the specificity of the educational environment of a military university, as well as the fact that the recruitment of girls to military universities began to occur relatively recently. In this aspect, leading theoretical provisions characterizing the essence of pedagogical optimization and optimality criteria in modeling the process of optimizing the life activity of trainees are presented. The considered semantic contents of a number of scientific approaches, which have presented similar causal relationships in service, allow us to purposefully highlight the necessary and sufficient set of defining methodological principles and to specify their essence as much as possible in relation to our research.

66-74.pdf

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The relevance of the topic of research is justified by the spread of manipulation as a way of influence and interaction in the field of education. The manipulative behavior of teachers towards students contradicts humanistic values, creates risks of socialization of children and adolescents. The purpose of the study is to study the degree of manipulation of students - future teachers. The article provides the results of the theoretical analysis of the concept of "manipulation" in the pedagogical context. The necessity of purposeful prevention of manipulative activity of teachers and prevention/correction of manipulative installations in trainees is justified. Summarized results of diagnostics of the above-mentioned problem in the field of secondary vocational education are presented. Theoretical and empirical grounds for modeling the process and content of prevention of manipulative activity of future teachers are determined. The results of the study were empirical data confirming the presence of manipulative attitudes among future teachers. This seems to justify the need to develop a model for the formation of students' knowledge and skills in the field of actualizing pedagogical activity as one of the most important professional competencies. The hypothetical model should be based on the ideas of self-actualization (A. Maslow), the opposite of manipulation and actualization (E. Shostrom), the opposition of manipulation to hidden psychological influence in the interests of students (V.P. Sheinov).

75-81.pdf

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Due to the change in the social policy of the state regarding older people, as well as the increase in the retirement age, the importance of preserving and improving the health of citizens of pre-retirement age, including women of this group, has increased. To extend active longevity, they must have a sufficient level of physical, psychological, and social health, which is now far from optimal indicators. It is well known that all components of human health are interconnected and mutually conditioned. Therefore, the maintenance and promotion of personal psychological health and physical health can be effectively carried out by means of physical education and health technologies, among which fitness technology is among the modern and popular among women. Thus, today the need to strengthen the psychological health of women of pre-retirement age, including by means of recreational physical education (in particular, fitness technology), is objectified. However, there is still a lack of scientific knowledge in the field of potential and features of the use of fitness technology to strengthen the psychological health. This article presents the results of a study on determining the potential of fitness technologies in maintaining and strengthening the psychological health of women of pre-retirement age. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to clarify the essence of a person's psychological health and the factors of its formation in women approaching retirement. Also, it was needed to theoretically determine the possibilities of fitness technology in preventing the deterioration of the psychological health in pre-pension women, and empirically identify the current state of their psychological health and interests in the field of maintaining physical education and recreation activities.

82-88.pdf

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The increase in the life expectancy of the population has actualized the problem of ensuring decent living conditions and improving the quality of life of older people. The quality of life depends significantly on the state of health, the indicators of which in older people are influenced by many factors. Under the influence of these factors, there is a decrease in efficiency, a narrowing of the circle of communication, a decrease in the number of social contacts, etc. Analysis of the combination of socio-demographic, psychological, economic, physical and other characteristics inherent in the group of elderly people allows us to consider the occupation of health-improving physical culture as one of the optimal in many parameters (socio-communicative, financial, economic, psychophysical) means of maintaining the health of older people. In a significant way, the effectiveness of physical education classes determines a person's motivation for motor activity. In turn, motivation depends both on the correspondence of the content of classes to individual or group interests, and on the ability of a person (physical, psychological, etc.) to master this content. The leading methodological basis for the effective organization of health physical education classes with older people is an individually differentiated approach. Despite the sufficient theoretical and practical development of ideas of an individually differentiated approach in pedagogy and psychology, there remains a lack of scientific knowledge in the implementation of its provisions for organizing health-improving physical education classes with older people, which creates a scientific contradiction. The purpose of our research is to determine the forms, methods and content of health-improving physical education classes with older people basing on an individually differentiated approach.

89-97.pdf

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Communication plays a vital role for mariners at sea and ashore. The safe and efficient operation of ships largely depends on the correct understanding of the commands and requirements of the ship and coastal services. As a result, in international crews, English has been recognized as the language of communication. This language is also used in communication from ship to ship and from ship to shore. Therefore, the main goal of teaching English in a Maritime University is to study professionally oriented English, i.e. Maritime English. Information and communication technologies (ICT) are helping to increase the knowledge of cadets in Maritime English. This article raises the issue of effective use of ICT in classroom and out-of-school classes of maritime university cadets. The publication considers computer programs and Internet resources that can be used to prepare cadets for professional activities.

98-104.pdf

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DISCUSSING IT! I BET!

The problems caused by the crisis of world society in the domestic system of higher professional education are due to difficulties in the interpretation by university teachers of the targeted, substantive and value aspects of its functioning and development. This led to the emergence of many educational strategies that consider the goal and results of the activities and development of higher education from different perspectives, in different contexts, at different levels and theoretical and methodological grounds. The need to implement a competent approach in the academic process of master's and postgraduate studies and the introduction of pedagogical innovations served as the basis for changing the requirements for the level of training of students. The article presents the competence of the research focus in the form of a holistic, systematic characteristic of the vocational and personal development of the undergraduate and postgraduate studies, which reflect the continuous nature of the formation of their readiness for the implementation of active research activities and their attitude to themselves as a subject of this activity. In our opinion, the competencies of the research focus include elements of theoretical and methodological, scientific and search, logical, supranational activities, methods of self-organization of goal setting, design and monitoring of the results of scientific activity. The article considers the development and implementation of strategopedic model of development of competences of research orientation in students of master's and postgraduate studies. Based on the analysis of the results of the establishing experiment, we draw conclusions about the level of formation of the ideas of master's and postgraduate students and university teachers on the continuity in the research competencies development in the process of professional training of master’s and postgraduate students, as well as on the specifics of the organization and use of the possibilities of the scientific and educational environment of the university in the development of the competences of the research orientation in master’s and postgraduate students. The study has found that the competencies of the research focus of undergraduate and postgraduate students form the basis of the core of their professional competence. The use of the strategopedic model in the educational process of the university will allow the graduate to successfully solve complex professional tasks, to adapt effectively in the scientific community, to be competitive and in demand in the labor market.

105-111.pdf

(126 Kb)